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The Donut Universe (by Robby Gurdan)

Russian version
Why is light explainable neither as mass nor as wave?
Why is the speed of light a constant but changes if going through masses?

The next issues we should look at is light itself. As we have heard before its speed is constant but due to the fact that it was assumed that there was no carrier it was hard to explain how light is moving at all through space.
In the standard explanation a so called dualism of mass and wave is assumed because it can not possibly have a “real” mass. Einstein proved that no mass can travel with light speed without getting infinite, and due to the lack of an aether, it seemed to be not possible that light is a wave or oscillation of “nothing” .

With our model assuming a carrier in the 4 dimension it can easily be a wave of those carrier particles, explaining its possibility of travelling with constant speed more understandable than through other models.
In our assumed two dimensional “sand-universe” a wave going through the paper carrier could affect the sand in for the “sand people” unexplainable ways, because they could not “feel” the three dimensional movement of the paper, but experience its effects on their world.

Einstein formed the formula e=mc² showing that mass equals energy and is convertible.
Assuming that all substance is formed as a projection of a certain behaviour of the carrier into the three dimensional word (as a oscillation of the paper would affect the sand) then light, or to be more precise all electromagnetic waves could be just a certain “state” of it (as sand could be a part of a sandpaper-carrier that went of and can move freely). Now light travelling through mass could then cause an interference (because its wave consists of the same aether-material) resulting in a decrease of speed, decrease of frequency and/or intensity of it. In other words mass and energy are not only convertibles. They could be in fact projections of the 4th dimensions oscillation in our world with just a different frequency!

But back to the behavior of electromagnetic waves. Light is assumed to be a wave here carried by our “4 dimensional Torus skin” it would be bended as the skin would be bended, when it moves through an hollow (caused by a big mass or energy what we assumed to be the same). In our model, the 2 dimensional “sand people” would encounter an influence of what they call gravity on light that again would be hard to be explained by them without thinking of an additional dimension. Exactly the same phenomenon occurs in our 3 dimensional world, when light passes a big mass like a star in close distance. If a black hole is really a hole or a closed pocket in our torus skin it would make sense due to this model that no light travelling in it could ever get out, due to the fact of a simple absence of the carrier in the middle of it or its infinite revolving in the pocket.
The idea of bending light was created by Newton and revived in Einstein's 1911 paper "On the Influence of Gravitation on the Propagation of Light". For the scientists it seemed to be oddly enough, the quantitative prediction given in this paper for the amount of deflection of light passing near a large mass was identical to the old Newtonian prediction, d = 2m/r0, who as we heard before explained light as a particle wave of aether particles that is commonly still assumed none existing.
So if mass and energy in fact would be something like an oscillating torus particle projected in our universe, it would fulfill both needs without harming existing proven facts or stated physical laws.

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